Figure 8

Exhaust port shape optimisation. Based on a pressure drop surface sensitivity map (colours like in Figure 3 left), a one-shot shape optimisation was conducted with the morphing routines from TUM <abbrgrp>2829</abbrgrp>. Expectedly, the achievable improvement is much bigger when shape deformations in both inward and outward direction are allowed (four bottom curves) as compared to enforcing only inward morphing (top three curves). Due to the small spatial structures of the sensitivity map, also the amount of smoothing applied to the shape morphing had a significant effect on the optimisation. The meshed geometry and the morphing results were kindly provided by F Kunze from SEMCON® and M Hojjat and E Stavropoulou from TUM, respectively.