Figure 9From: Aerodynamic web forming: process simulation and material properties Stress-strain relation of beam model. Stress-strain relation for crimped fibers (sinusoidal and zigzag crimp) with \((L,l)=(\mathrm{L},\mathrm {\ell})\) (cf. Table 2, solid), \(\varepsilon ^{\star}= 0.177\). Resulting effective force \(N(\varepsilon)\), \(\varepsilon\in\mathbb{R}\) for the truss (3.5a).Back to article page