Table 2 Physical parameters for LITT in ex-vivo porcine liver tissue

Optical (native):

 Absorption coefficient \(\mu _{an}\) [m⁻¹]

50

 Scattering coefficient \(\mu _{sn}\) [m⁻¹]

8000

 Anisotropy factor \(g_{n}\)

0.97

Optical (coagulated):

 Absorption coefficient \(\mu _{ac}\) [m⁻¹]

60

 Scattering coefficient \(\mu _{sc}\) [m⁻¹]

30,000

 Anisotropy factor \(g_{c}\)

0.95

Thermal:

 Heat conductivity κ [W m⁻¹ K⁻¹]

0.518

 Heat capacity \(C_{p}\) [J kg⁻¹ K⁻¹]

3640

 Tissue density ρ [kg m⁻³]

1137

 Heat transfer coefficient \(\alpha _{\text{cool}} \) [W m⁻² K⁻¹]

250

 Heat transfer coefficient \(\alpha _{\text{amb}} \) [W m⁻² K⁻¹]

44

Damage:

 Damage rate constant A [s⁻¹]

3.1 × 10⁹⁸

 Damage activation energy \(E_{a}\) [J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹]

6.3 × 10⁵

 Universal gas constant R [J mol⁻¹ K⁻¹]

8.31

Vaporization:

 Latent heat of water λ [J kg⁻¹]

2257 × 10³